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Maize silage mycotoxins: How to safeguard your livestock
Maize silage is a valuable feed source for dairy and beef cattle, but rising cases of mycotoxin contamination are putting livestock health and performance at risk. According to Lientjie Colahan, forage technical expert at Lallemand Animal Nutrition, unpredictable weather and increased cropping in marginal areas are key contributors.
Lientjie says: “While mycotoxins can occur in all silages, they’re mostly found in maize. Heating is a sign of unstable silage, which increases the risk of mycotoxin production.”
“Managing mycotoxins is crucial to ensure you’re getting the full benefits of maize silage, and your cattle receive the best possible nutritional value.”
What are mycotoxins?
Mycotoxins are toxic compounds produced by moulds when crops are stressed—whether by heat, cold, drought, or excess moisture. In maize silage, the most common types are:
- Deoxynivalenol (DON): Reduces feed efficiency.
- Zearalenone (ZEA): Causes reproductive issues.
Mycotoxins all pose an invisible threat on farms.
“They have no smell, colour, or taste, which makes it hard to identify them early,” explains Lientjie.
Why the risk is growing
As more maize is grown in marginal areas and unpredictable weather conditions become more common, the risk of mycotoxin contamination is rising.
“These stress points increase mould growth – posing a risk to the nutritional value of maize silage,” says Lientjie.
“Mould growth on maize plants, especially on the cobs and leaves, is a key indicator of potential mycotoxin development,” she advises.
“If you notice any issues with your crops, speak to your agronomist immediately to manage the risk before harvest.
“They will help you take the right steps to maximise returns from maize silage.”
How to reduce mycotoxin risk
Lientjie shares practical steps to protect feed quality and livestock health:
- Monitor crops regularly: Walk fields and inspect cobs for mould. Early detection is key.
- Harvest clean and early: Avoid wet conditions and soil contamination. Cut higher to reduce contact with soil and fill clamps quickly. Use oxygen-barrier plastic to prevent mould growth.
- Use targeted silage inoculants: Products like MAGNIVA Platinum Maize or MAGNIVA Platinum Maize Elite improve fermentation and reduce mould development, preserving feed value.
“It’s better to harvest early and lose a bit of starch than to risk harvesting in poor conditions,” says Lientjie.
By following these steps, farmers can safeguard the nutritional value of maize silage and ensure optimal livestock performance.
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Contact UsPublished Aug 5, 2025